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厦f]大学学位论文著作权操纵声明f燃自己答应厦门大学遵照《中华百姓共和邦粹位条例暂行履行办 法》等规则保存和操纵此学位论文,并向主管部分或其指定机构送交 学位论文(包罗纸质版和电子版),承诺学位论文进入厦门大学图书 馆及其数据库被查阅、轻触开关!借阅。自己答应厦门大学将学位论文参预世界 博士、硕士学位论文共筑单元数据库实行检索,将学位论文的题目和 摘要汇编出书,采用影印、缩印或者其它式样合理复制学位论文。 本学位论文属于: ()1.经厦门大学保密委员会审查审定的保密学位论文, 于年月日解密,解密后实用上述授权。 ()2.不保密,实用上述授权。 (请正在以上相应括号内打“’’或填上相应实质。保密学位论文应 是曾经厦门大学保密委员会核定过的学位论文,未经厦门大学保密委 员会核定的学位论文均为公然学位论文。此声明栏不填写的,默以为 公然学位论文,均实用上述授权。) 声明人(署名): 摘要跟着我邦邦防职业的迅猛成长,对气氛压缩机的技能央求越来越苛刻,微型气泵工作原理研制 高气压、微体积、净气体等的压缩机势正在必行。本文以新型高压微型微型气泵为 咨询对象,使用MATLAB、Microsoft Excel软件和通用CAD/CAE/CAM软件 SolidWorks、ADAMS和HyperWorks对其实行了仿真理解和咨询。重要包罗: (1)咨询压缩机的分类、作事道理与特色;比较理解新旧两种压缩机的异同, 得出新型高压微型微型气泵的凸轮机构较古代曲柄连杆机构构造更紧凑、体积更 小型化、效劳更上等特色;悉数理解新型高压微型微型气泵的构造、作事道理及 各组件功效;扶植热力学模子并对其实行理解预备。微型气泵工作原理 (2)计划并预备新型高压微型微型气泵最要害的凸轮运动机构,确定采用余 弦加快率运动顺序的圆柱双作事面凸轮;扶植并理解其数学模子、轮廓曲面,得 出采用变厚度凸轮构造可避免体例发作噪声或卡死征象;使用MATLAB和 Microsoft Excel软件,USB连接器,扶植并理解凸轮机构空间点位子模子并对其实行运动顺序 仿线)理解了压缩机及单向阀的作事道理;扶植并理解了簧片阀的数学模子, 包罗进排气历程的流量微分方程、运动微分方程、进排气作事历程微分方程。运 用Microsoft Excel软件对簧片阀实行构造计划、预备及校核,通过对簧片阀升程、 气流均匀马赫数、厚度、固有频率等参数的校核预备,验证外面预备的精确性。 (4)咨询新型高压微型微型气泵受力情状;扶植力学模子并使用Microsoft Excel软件对其实行仿真理解。电磁阀维修验证力学模子的精确性,并得出活塞与凸轮的三 种接触类型:一连、瓜代与配合接触。 (5)使用SolidWorks、ADAMS软件实行压缩机虚拟样机模子的扶植和运动 体例的运动学仿真理解,验证虚拟样机模子及数学模子精确性。使用HyperWorks 有限元理解软件对重要组件实行模态理解,验证计划的可行性。提出通过普及活 塞小滚轮和凸轮轴装置刚度,可改革组件振动个性的观念。 要害词:气氛压缩机凸轮气阀动力学模态理解 Abstract As rapiddeveloping NationalDefence System,the Air Compressor Technology alsoled highrequirements.It studyanew-type air compressor which designedwitll high pressure,micro volume cleangas.The new-type air compressor thesis,theMATLAB, Microsoft Excel, CAD/CAE/CAM, SolidWorks, ADAMS HyperWorkssoftwares simulationanalysis.The main contents following:(1)The classification,operating principle aircompressor studied.Acontrastive analysis new-typeair compressors draws aconclusion new-typeone has amore compact structure,a smaller size higherefficiency than oldone.The construction,operating pinciple,main organizations new-typecompressor fullyanalysed.The thermodynamic model calculated.(2)The shape features movementrule cammechanism calculated.Themathematical model,outline curve calllmechanism analysed.Avariable-thickness cam、7l,微型气泵工作原理i廿I cosine acceleration moment law determined,whichhelps avoidbad noise lockeddead.The position model movingtrochoid spatialpoints cammechanism MicrosoftExceI softwares。 (3)The working principle checkvalve depthlyanalysed.The mathematical models leafvalve,including flowate,moving workingprocess differential equations models analysed.MicrosoftExcel software dostructural design,calculation leafvalve.The validity theoreticalanalysis verifiedafter checking calculation about valve lift,Mach number,thickness inherentfrequency. (4)The mechanical model new—typecompressor analysedII usingMicrosoft Excel software.Conclusions about three contact types reached,includingcontinued,altemated jointedcontact. (5)SolidWorks ADAMSsoftware virtualprototype models kinematicalsimulations.In order scheme,modalanalysis HperWorkssoftware.Points vibrationcharacteristic putforward, which assemblestiffness smalltrundle camshaft.Key Words:Air Compressor;Cam;Air Valve;Dynamic;Modal Analysis III 目次 中文摘要……………………………………………………………………………….I 英文摘要……………………………………………………………………………….II 第一章绪论………………………………………………………………………….1 1.1{慨况……………………………………………………………………………………………………..1 1.1.1压缩机的分类………………………………………………………………l 1.1.2活塞式压缩机概略…………………………………………………………2 1.1.3课题原因与咨询道理………………………………………………………4 1.2邦外里咨询近况与成长趋向……………………………………………………….4 1.2.1海外咨询近况与成长趋向…………………………………………………5 1.2.2邦内咨询近况与成长趋向…………………………………………………6 1.3咨询用具简介……………………………………………………………………8 1.3.1 MATLAB数值预备软件……………………………………………………8 1.3.2 Microsoft Excel软件…………………………………………………………9 1.3.3 SolidWorks板滞计划自愿化软件………………………………………..10 1.3.4 ADAMS动力仿真理解软件………………………………………………12 1.3.5 HyperWorks有限元理解软件…………………………………………….12 1.4课题实质及咨询举措………………………………………………………….1 3第二章新型高压微型微型气泵的根本构造与作事道理……………1 52.1新型高压微型微型气泵的技能参数………………………………………。1 52.2新型高压微型微型气泵的构造……………………………………………..1 52.2.1新型高压微型微型气泵的构成………………………………………….16 2.2.2新型高压微型微型气泵各组件构造与功效…………………………….16 2.3新型高压微型微型气泵的作事道理………………………………………。1 92.4热力学筑模与预备理解……………………………………………………。1 92.4.1级数遴选与各级压力比确定…………………………………………….19 2.4.2压缩机的转速和行程遴选及校核预备………………………………….20 IV 2.4.3排气系数………………………………………………………………….22 2.4.4进排气温度……………………………………………………………….25 2.4.5气缸行程容积…………………………………………………………….26 2.4.6气缸直径………………………………………………………………….27 2.4.7气缸行程容积校正……………………………………………………….27 2.4.8效劳与功率……………………………………………………………….28 2.5本章小结………………………………………………………………………………。29 第三章新型高压微型微型气泵的凸轮机构计划与预备………………。30 3.1凸轮机构数学模子咨询……………………………………………………………..30 3.1.1凸轮机构运动顺序方程扶植…………………………………………….30 3.1.2凸轮机构坐标系界说…………………………………………………….33 3.1.3凸轮机构曲面方程扶植………………………………………………….34 3.1.4凸轮机构差错方程扶植………………………………………………….35 3.2凸轮机构计划………………………………………………………………………………。36 3.2.1凸轮机构根本参数设定…………………………………………………。微型气泵工作原理36 3.2.2凸轮机构参数预备……………………………………………………….37 3.3凸轮机构运动顺序仿真与理解……………………………………………………….40 3.4本章小结…………………………………………………………………………………….41 第四章新型高压微型微型气泵的气阀组件计划与预备………………。42 4.1簧片阀的作事道理…………………………………………………………………….42 4.2压缩机簧片阀模仿运动理解与数学模子咨询………………………………。43 4.2.1根本假设………………………………………………………………….43 4.2.2压缩机运动的数学模子………………………………………………….43 4.2.3簧片阀进排气历程的流量微分方程…………………………………….44 4.2.4簧片阀运动微分方程…………………………………………………….47 4.2.5簧片阀进排气作事历程微分方程……………………………………….48 4.3压缩机各级簧片阀构造计划预备……………………………………………….49 4.3.1簧片阀计划规矩………………………………………………………….49 4.3.2升程预备………………………………………………………………….50 4.3.3气流均匀马赫数预备…………………………………………………….5 l4.3.4簧片阀厚度预备………………………………………………………….53 4.3.5质料遴选与频率预备…………………………………………………….544.4压缩机簧片阀构造校核预备与矫正…………………………………………55 4.4.1簧片阀升程的校核……………………………………………………….55 4.4.2气流均匀马赫数与频率校核及矫正…………………………………….57 4.5本章小结………………………………………………………………………58 第五章新型高压微型微型气泵的动力学个性外面咨询与理解…….59 5.1活塞机构力学模子咨询………………………………………………………59 5.2活塞机构受力理解与仿真……………………………………………………60 5.2.1气体力…………………………………………………………………….60 5.2.2惯性力…………………………………………………………………….61 5.2.3凸轮对滚用力……………………………………………………….6l 5.2.4轴向力………………………………………………………………………………………..6l 5.2.5侧向力…………………………………………………………………….62 5.2.6活塞与气缸套之间摩擦力……………………………………………….62 5.2.7转矩………………………………………………………………………..62 5.3动力学预备……………………………………………………………………62 5.3.1基于Microsoft Excel的新型高压微型微型气泵动力学理解………….63 5.3.2动力学预备措施计划…………………………………………………….63 5.4动力学预备结果与动态个性理解…………………………………………。67 5.4.1各级气缸气体压力仿真及理解………………………………………….67 5.4.2各级气缸气体受力仿真及理解………………………………………….69 5.4.3轴向力仿真及理解……………………………………………………….71 5.5本章小结……………………………………………………………………。73 第六章新型高压微型微型气泵虚拟样机的运动学仿线基于SolidWorks的新型高压微型气泵虚拟样机筑模……………………74 6.1.1虚拟样机组件模子扶植………………………………………………….74 6.1.2简化模子扶植…………………………………………………………….78 6.2 ADAMS众刚体体例动力学根底……………………………………………79 6.2.1 ADAMS众刚体体例观点…………………………………………………79 6.2.2 ADAMS众刚体体例动力学筑模外面……………………………………80 6.3基于ADAMS的运动学仿真理解的体例筑模……………………………..81 VI 6.3.1体例筑模境遇…………………………………………………………….8l 6.3.2辅助模子扶植…………………………………………………………….81 6.3.3增加抑制………………………………………………………………….82 6.3.4施加载荷………………………………………………………………….83 6.4基于ADAMS的运动学仿真结果与理解……………………………………..83 6.5本章小结…………………………………………………………………………85 第七章新型高压微型气泵虚拟样机的模态理解………………………….86 7.1模态理解的有限元根本道理…………………………………………………86 7.2模态理解模子的扶植……………………………………………………………………87 7.2.1模态理解的须要性……………………………………………………….87 7.2.2组件简化模子的扶植…………………………………………………….87 7.3基于HyperWorks的有限元理解…………………………………………….88 7.3.1活塞组件………………………………………………………………….88 7.3.2凸轮轴组件………………………………………………………………101 7.4本章小结…………………………………………………………………………1 07 第八章总结与预测………………………………………………………………….1 08 8.1总结………………………………………………………………………………………………….1 08 8.2预测………………………………………………………………………………………………….1 09 附录…………………………………………………………………………………………。11 0参考文献……………………………………………………………………………11 2硕士光阴颁发的学术论文及得到的成绩……………………………….121 伸谢…………………………………………………………………………………………。1 22 VII Table ContentsAbstract Chinese....................…....…….....…................……....…….....…...IAbstract IIChapter 1Introduction 1.1Overview……………………………………………………………………………………………….1 1.1.1 Classification Compressor……………………………………………………………….11.1.2 Overview ofPiston Compressor……………………………………………………………2 1.1.3 Sota'ce Project…………………………………………………..41.2 Research Status DevelopmentTrend Abroad………………..41.2.1 Research Status DevelopmentTrend Abroad….….….…….….….….…....51.2.2 Research Status DevelopmentTrend China………………………………….61.3 Introduction ResearchTools………………………………………………………………..8 1.3.1 MATLAB…………………………………………………………………………………………..8 1.3.2 Microsoft Excel………………….……………………………………………..………..……..9 1.3.3 SolidW6rks………………………………………………………………………………………10 1.3.4 ADAMS…………………………………………………………………………………………..12 1.3.5 HyperWorks…..…....….…….……….....……….……….…………….……...…….…..….12 1.4 Contents Methods…………………………………………………………………………..13Chapter 2Structure OperatingPrinciple New-typeHigh Pressure Compressor... 52.1Technical Parameters New—typeHigh Pressure Compressor………….1 52.2 Structure New—typeHigh Pressure Compressor……………………………1 52.2.1 Components ofthe New-ty’pe High Pressure Compressor………………...…...16 2.2.2 Structure Functionofthe Compressor Components..............................16 2.3 Operating Principle New-typeHigh Pressure Compressor…………… 92.4Calculation ThermodynamicModel…………………………1 92.4.1 Stages Selection PressureRatio Distribution........................................1 9VIll 2.4.2 Rotate Speed Selection RouteChecking Calculation……………………….20 2.4-3 The Exhaust Ratio…………………………………………………………………………….22 2.4.4 Temperature ofIntake ExhaustAir………………………………………………..25 2.4.5 Stroke Volume ofCylinder…………………………………………………………………26 2.4.6 Diameter Cylinder.......................................................…..........................272.4.7 Amendment ofthe Cylinder Stroke Volume.................................................27 2.4.8 Efficiency Power.…….….……..…….….……….…..……………..…..…………...282.5 Summary……..……………………………………………………………………………………… 29 Chapter 3Design TheCam Mechanism ...303.1 Mathematical Model CamMechanism……..………………………………………..30 3.1.1 Motion Equation ofCam Mechanism………………………………………………….30 3.1.2 Coordinate System CamMechanism……………………………………………….33 3.1.3 Surface Equation ofCarn Mechanism………………………………………………….34 3.1.4 Error Equation ofCam Mechanism……………………………………………………..35 3.2 Design CamMechanism…………………………………………………………………….36 3.2.1 Basic Parameters………………………………………………………………………………36 3.2.2 Parameter Calculation CamMechanism…………………………………………..37 3.3 Motion Simulation CamMechanism…………………………… .40 3.4 Summary……………………………………………………..……………………………………….41 Chapter 4Design ValvesAssembly 424.1 Operating Principle ReedValve……………………………………………………42 4.2 Motion Simulation Analysis MathematicalModel Research ReedValve………………………………………………………………………………………………………….43 4.2.1 Basic Assumptions…………………………………………………………………………….43 4.2.2 Movement model ofthe Compressor…………………………………………………..43 4.2.3 The Exhaust Process Flow Differential Equmion ReedValve……………..44 4.2.4砀e Motion Differential Equmion ofReed Valve…………………………………..47 4.2.5 The Differential Equation ReedValve about ExhaustProcess.….………………….….….…。..………..………….…….…..…...….….…….…….…….…48 4.3 Structure Design ReedValves…………………………………..49 4.3.1 Design Principles………………………………………………………………………………49 IX 4.3.2 Calculation ofthe Lift……………………………………………………………………….50 4.3.3 Calculation ofthe Average Mach Number……………………………………………51 4.3.4 Calculation ofthe Thickness………………………………………………………………53 4.3.5 Material Selection FrequencyCalculation………………………………………54 4.4 The Design Improvement CheckingCalculation ReedValve……… 554.4.1 The Design Improvement CheckingCalculation ofthe Lift……………..55 4.4.2 The Design Improvement CheckingCalculation AverageMach Number Frequency……….……………………………………………………………….574.5 Summary………………………………………………………………………………………………58 Chapter 5The Theoretical Study DynamicCharacteristics。..。..…...……。………。…...。..。..。。...。。......…….。。。。...。。.。.59 5.1 Force Model PistonMechanism…………….。……………………………………59 5.2 Force Analysis PistonMechanism………………………..60 5.2.1 111e Gas Force…………………………………………………………………………………..60 5.2.2 The Inertial Force……………………………………………………………………………..61 5.2.3 Reaction From Cam Roller……………………………………………………………..615.2.4 The Axial Force………………………………………………………………………………..61 5.2.5 The Lateral Force……………………………………………………………………………..62 5。2.6 Friction Between Piston CylinderLiner…………………………………………62 1;.2.7 lbrque..…..….…………..….……….…………….………….…….….….….…..…...…..….62 5.3 Dynamic Calculation…………………………………………………………………………….62 5.3.1 Dynamic Calculation New-typeHigh Pressure Compressor Based MicrosoflExcel…………………………..……….…………………………………………………..63 5.3.2 The Program Design ofthe Dynamic Calculation.………….……….……………63 5.4 The Dynamic Calculation Results DynamicPerformance Analysis… 671;.4.1 The Simulation AnalysisofGas Pressure……………………………………….67 1;.4.2 The Simulation AnalysisofGas Force……..….………….….….…..………...69 1;.4.3 The Simulation AnalysisofAxial Force…………………………………………71 5.5 Summary………………………………………………………………………………………………73 Chapter 6The Kinematics Simulation Analysis Compressor”746.1 Establishment VirtualPrototype Based 6.1.1Establishment ofthe Virtual Prototype Components……………………………..74 6.1.2 Establishment ofthe Simplified Models………………………………………………78 6.2 Dynamics Multi-Rigid—BodySystem Based ADAMS………………………796.2.1 The Concept ofMulti—Rigid—Body System…………………………………………..79 6.2.2 The Dynamics Modeling Theory Multi—Rigid-BodySystem………………80 6.3 Establishment KinematicsSimulation System Based 16.3.1Modeling Environment………………………………………………………………………81 6.3.2 Establishment Submodels…………….…………….………………….………………816.3.3 Constraints Adding……………………….………….……………………………………….82 6.3.4 Payload Adding………………………………………………………………………………..83 6.4 The Kinematics Simulation Results AnalysisBased ADAMS………83 6.5 Summary……………………………………………………………….…………………………… 85Chapter 7Modal Analysis TheVirtual Prototype Model 867.1 The Basic FEM Theory ModalAnalysis…………………………………………… 867.2 Establishment ofAnalysis Models………………………………………………………….87 7.2.1 Necessity ofModal Analysis………………………………………………………………87 7.2.2 Establishment SimplifiedModeling….……………………………………………..87 7.3 The Finite Element Analysis Based HyperWorks………………………………88 7.3.1 Piston Assembly……………………………………………………………………………….88 7.3.2 Camshaft Assembly…………………………………………………………………………101 7.4 Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………….1 07 Chapter 8Conclusions 088.1 Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………………………1 08 8.2 Prospect………………………………………………………………………………………………1 09 Appendices....…..........…...…...……………… References….….….......…...…………...….….….……..….…..….……......………..112Papers 22XI 第一章绪论 1.1概略 第一章绪论 气氛压缩机(空压机)是一种将气氛实行压缩从而普及气体压力或输送气体 的呆板,是将原动机(广泛是电动机)的板滞能转换成气体压力能的装备,是压缩 气氛的气压发作装备…。 1.1.1压缩机的分类 压缩机行动通用筑设的一种,用处极广、品种繁众,被遍及使用于军事、交 通、石化、电力、冶金、食物、医药等范畴。如图1.1所示,可遵照压缩机作事 道理、压送介质、排气压力巨细与级数众少,永诀对其实行分类。 一活塞式l道理分1 图1.1压缩机分类道理图Fig.1.1 Classification Principle Diagram Compressor如图1.1所示,按作事道理可将压缩机分为容积式和速率式【21。容积式压缩机 通度日塞的来去挽救运动负气体容积缩小、气体压力随之升高;速率式压缩机通
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